INTRODUCTION:

Renal failure or kidney failure (formerly called renal insufficiency) describes as a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter toxins and waste products from the blood. The two forms are acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease, a number of other diseases or health problems may cause either form of renal failure to occur.

In 1943, a Dutch physician, constructed the first working dialyzer during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. Due to the scarcity of available resources, Kolff had to improvise and build the initial machine using sausage casings, beverage cans, a washing machine, and various other items that were available at the time.

Over the following two years, Kolff used his machine to treat 16 patients suffering from acute kidney failure, but the results were unsuccessful. Then, in 1945, a 67-year-old comatose woman regained consciousness following 11 hours of hemodialysis with the dialyzer, and lived for another seven years before dying of an unrelated condition. She was the first-ever patient successfully treated with dialysis.

NEED OF THE STUDY:

The investigator has observed many clients with hemodialysis in his clinical practice, having lot of queries related to home care management eg. medication, diet, exercise and follow-up care after discharge from hospital. The investigator also observed that caretakers also not aware about aseptic technique in care of hemodialysis patient and warning signs of hemodialysis complications. This energized the investigator to select this problem for the research. So that client can be helped out to complications and follow the precautions through implementing video assisted teaching (VAT).

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

A pre-experimental study to assess the effect of Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) regarding knowledge on home care management of hemodialysis among care takers in selected hospital of Bhopal.

OBJECTIVES:

1. Assess the existing knowledge of caretakers on home care management of hemodialysis.

2. Assess the knowledge of caretakers after Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) on home care management of hemodialysis.

3. Assess the effect of Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) on home care management of hemodialysis among care takers.

4. Associate pre-test knowledge on home care management of hemodialysis with demographic variables of care takers.

5. Assess the level of satisfaction of caretakers on Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) using opinionnaire.

HYPOTHESIS:

H1: There is significant difference between mean pre and post- test knowledge scores of care takers of haemodialysis patients on home care management at 0.05 level of significance

H2: There is significant relationship between pre- test knowledge scores of caretakers on home care management of hemodialysis with their selected demographic variables at 0.05 level of significance.

ASSUMPTIONS:

· The care takers have some knowledge regarding hemodialysis patient care.

· The VAT (Video Assisted Teaching) will increase knowledge of caretakers regarding home care of hemodialysis patient.

· Caretakers knowledge will be helpful to reduce hemodialysis complications.

DELIMITATION:

· Caretakers of hemodialysis patients who were staying with patient during hemodialysis.

· Assessment of knowledge will be limited to the written response as elicited by structured knowledge questionnaire.

· VAT (Video Assisted Teaching) contains information about only home care management.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

RESEARCH APPROACH:

An evaluation research approach.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Pre experimental one group pre and post design.

SETTING OF THE STUDY:

Hemodialysis unit of Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal.

VARIABLES:

Independent Variable:

Video assisted teaching (V A T) was the independent variable.

Dependent Variable:

In this study knowledge of care takers on home care management was dependent variable.

POPULATION:

The study population comprises of all caretakers of hemodialysis patient

SAMPLE:

Caretakers of hemodialysis patient with A.V. (Arterio Venous) fistulaand A.V. (Arterio Venous) Shunt

SAMPLE SIZE: 40

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

Purposive sampling technique was used

DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT:

Structured Knowledge questionnaire

RESULTS:

EFFECT OF VAT (VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING) ON HOME CARE MANAGEMENT OF HEMODIALYSIS:

Table 1: Mean Difference Percentage, Standard Deviation, and ‘t’ value of knowledge of caretakers.

S. No.	Knowledge variables	Mean Difference %	SD	“t” value
1	Information related to anatomy and physiology of kidney	5.22	1.01	13.62** S
2	Information related to hemodialysis procedure	4.55	0.98	11.73 ** S
3	Information related to dietary management	6.87	1.78	9.77** S
4	Information related to care of fistula at home	10.69	2.47	10.95** S
5	Over all knowledge	27.51	4.77	14.6** S

*p<0.05 **p<0.01 NS – Not significant S- Significant

Table 1: shows the effect of VAT (Video Assisted Teaching) on home care management of hemodialysis patient.

With regard to information related to anatomy and physiology of kidney, mean difference percentage score was 5.22%, with SD (1.01). The calculate ‘t’ value was 13.62 which revealed that there was high statistical significance at the level of p<0.05 level and 0.01 level.

With regard to information related to hemodialysis procedure, mean difference percentage score was 4.55%, with SD (0.98). The calculate ‘t’ value was 11.73 which revealed that there was high statistical significance at the level of p<0.05 level and 0.01 level.

Regarding to information related to dietary management, mean difference percentage score was 6.87%, with SD (1.78). The calculate ‘t’ value was 9.77 which revealed that there was high statistical significance at the level of p<0.05 level and 0.01 level.

With regard to information related to care of fistula at home, mean difference percentage score was 10.69%, with SD 2.47 The calculate ‘t’ value was 10.94 which revealed that there was high statistical significance at the level of p<0.05 level and 0.01 level.

The overall mean difference percentage score was 27.51%, with SD (4.77). The calculate ‘t’ value was 14.6 which revealed that there was high statistical significance at the level of p<0.05 level and 0.01 level.

DISCUSSION:

The finding of the study depicts that there is significant difference between the pre -test and post -test knowledge score. The over all pre- test mean knowledge score was 14.8. and overall post test mean knowledge score was 25.8. The difference was statistically proved with paired ‘t’ test (14.6) and was highly significant at 0.05 and 0.01 level.

The analysis revealed that there was no significant association of pre -test level of knowledge with selected demographic variables like, marital status, religion, residence and source of information.

There was significant association between pre-test level of knowledge with demographic variable like age, sex, educational status, occupation, family income, and relationship with patient.

While considering the response of caretakers regarding level of satisfaction on VAT (Video Assisted Teaching), most of them 88% were highly satisfied, 12% were moderate satisfied.

LIMITATIONS:

1. Generalization would be better ,if large number samples are included.

2. Literatures related to nursing care in Indian context were limited in number.

RECOMMENDATIONS:

The study recommends the following for further research.

1. The study can be replicated with larger samples for better generalization.

2. An experimental study can be under taken with a control group for effective comparison.

3. A study can be conducted between private and public hospital to findout the knowledge and practice on home care management.

4. A survey can be done to determine the amount of interest among nursing students in educating hemodialysis patients.

5. A study can be conducted on health care providers regarding home care managemen.

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Received on 31.01.2019 Modified on 30.04.2019

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2020; 8(3): 295-298.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2020.00064.2